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COMPUTER SCIENCE
Jennifer J. Burg
- Linking Science, Art, and Practice in Digital Sound
Awarded $396,204 for the period 1/1/08 to 12/31/10
Source: National Science Foundation (NSF)
This collaboration among a computer scientist and an education researcher at a liberal arts university and a digital sound designer at a performing arts conservatory will create, implement, and disseminate innovative curricular material that integrates the science and art of digital sound design. It supplements a traditional textbook with interactive online tutorials, worksheets, MATLAB exercises, programming assignments, and creative and research projects. The curriculum includes mathematical, scientific, and algorithmic explanations of what sampling, quantization, aliasing, dynamic range, imaging, resonance, transforms, filters, normalization, and compression mean in the context of digital audio. Student problem-solving strategies are observed directly and via audio/videotapes. The project’s innovative assessment strategy includes 3 summer workshops for faculty and pilot-testing sites across the United States. The material will be freely available on the web.
- CPATH: Revitalizing Computer Science Education through the Science of Digital Media
Awarded $237,991 for the period 8/1/07 to 07/31/10
Source: NSF
This exciting new model of computer science education focuses on the science of digital media, building on natural interdisciplinary relationships, tight links between science and application, and continuous feedback from educators and employers. In recent years, enrollment in postsecondary computer science programs has been slipping. This project looks at computer science education from a new perspective – placing the study of digital media at the center and exploring its relationships to various disciplines and applications. When taught as computer science, digital media can be presented both rigorously and engagingly. The grant will support workshops around the United States, involving representatives from academia, business, and industry, and creating a broad network of stakeholders in computer science education. More coherent and robust models for interdisciplinary programs, particularly those coupling computer science with art, will be developed, and specific ways to link science with practice will be identified. The information gleaned from the workshops will be compiled, analyzed, and reported both incrementally, for continuous refinement, and at the end of the project, for broad dissemination. The interactions among computer scientists, artists, and practitioners in the workshops will generate a new model of computer science education especially appropriate to smaller schools or liberal arts universities, where interdisciplinarity is supported.
Samuel Cho (see also PHYSICS)
Extrapolating the concept of protein corona for understanding nanoparticles at large
Awarded $93,491for the period 8/15/12 to 7/31/15
Source: National Science Foundation (NSF)/Clemson University
These studies aim to decipher the basic mechanisms of biocorona formation using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations (Cho lab) validated by experiment (Ke lab). Results will translate well-established theoretical and simulation approaches from protein folding to NanoEHS for great educational, economic, and environmental benefits. The Cho lab develops and performs MD simulations to examine the formation of AgNP-biocoronas at molecular resolution and to define the main determinants, such as time, free energy, and stability. Their GPU-optimized approaches perform 10-100x faster than traditional CPU approaches that preclude simulations at the relevant time and length scales. The Ke lab will validate these calculations experimentally; then additional simulations will guide the design of new NP-biocorona simulations. The Cho lab will also model NP binding interactions with proteins and glucose.
Jacquelyn Fetrow (see also PHYSICS)
- Analysis of redox-modulated signaling networks in response to ionizing radiation
Awarded $11,209 for the period 3/1/10 to 2/28/13
Source: NIH/WFBH
This project applies advanced systems biology methods to define the consequences of combined kinase mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). It tests the hypothesis that subsets of kinase mutations, unique to each patient, rewire the signaling pathways that modulate responses to radiation and drug therapies and could point to patient-tailored therapies with higher cure rates and lower toxicity.
- Integrin Function in Cartilage
Awarded $1,459 for the period 8/1/11 to 7/31/12
Source: National Institutes of Health (NIH)/WFU Health Sciences (WFUHS)
These studies provide new information on the molecular mechanisms by which chondrocyte integrin receptor signals regulate production of enzymes that cause excessive degradation of the cartilage matrix in arthritis to develop novel therapeutic targets.
- A systems biology approach for discovery of novel pathways in osteoarthritis
Awarded $27,947 for the period 8/1/09 to 7/31/10
Source: Arthritis Foundation/WFUHS
No abstract.
- WFU Older Americans Independence Center, Molecular Science Resource Center
Awarded $15,295 for the period 6/1/09 to 7/31/10
Source: NIH/WFUHS
- Computational modeling of dendritic cell maturation
Awarded $84,112 for the period 5/1/10 to 4/30/11
Source: NIH
Dendritic cells (DC) activate the adaptive immune system to clear infections. First, however, their potency must increase in a tightly regulated process termed maturation that involves gene expression changes, intracellular trafficking, cytoskeletal modifications, and mobilization to lymphoid organs. Very few studies have examined the full time-course of this process, and none have attempted to model it. This project aims to explain DC maturation at a systems level. First, following treatment with a model viral infection, significantly expressed DC genes will be identified and clustered over time to assess the dynamics. Second, the relationships between significantly expressed genes will be studied to identify networks of interactions. Finally, genes involved in subnetworks will be modeled to identify cause-and-effect, rather than merely correlative, relationships. Because DC maturation is so pivotal to protective immunity, a broader understanding of its gene expression program and the comprehensive transcriptional regulatory network underlying it is necessary for the design and development of vaccines and therapies against infectious agents.
- with David J. John, Computer Science, and Edward E.
Allen, Mathematics
Algebraic and Statistical Models of Redox Signaling
Awarded $123,379 for the period 4/1/08 to 3/31/09
Source: NIH
An interdisciplinary research group spanning the Reynolda and Health Sciences campuses aims to develop theory, algorithms, computational tools, and research methodologies for network modeling of redox-regulated events in human cells. Recent research indicates that redox-regulated networks are central to cellular communication under a variety of normal and diseased conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging. This project will (1) identify a comprehensive set of cellular proteins modified at cysteine residues as a result of redox-dependent signaling; (2) correlate the concentration of a given cellular perturbant and its associated redox signal; 3) associate networks with particular perturbants; and 4) produce both topological and dynamic models of the cellular network associated with these pathways. These models will then be compared to other data on protein/protein interactions and kinase cascades to produce a more comprehensive model of cellular regulation and its biological outcomes.
- with Elizabeth Hiltbold, Microbiology and Immunology, WFUHS
Modeling Networks
of Dendritic Cell Maturation Induced by Bacteria
Awarded $20,000 for the period 5/06 to 5/07
Source: WFU Cross-Campus Collaborative Research Fund
Dendritic cells (DCs) are uniquely qualified to activate naive T
cells because they can sense and capture pathogens,
degrade them in the cell, and present their antigens on
the cell surface. In a process known as maturation, DCs become highly potent T cell activators through
morphological and functional changes. The program that drives this process
remains unclear, especially in response to intact, live bacteria. The PIs hypothesize
that the interactions between multiple pattern-recognition receptors
that are triggered by live Listeria are critical for maximal activation
of antigen-presenting cells. Microarray technology is a powerful methodology for systemically
studying the time-course of global changes in many biological systems.
The project couples this technology with computational biology to
develop network models of functional classes of genes expressed when
bacterial infection induces DC maturation. Completion of the two
specific aims will provide the preliminary data and framework models
of DC maturation necessary to develop a competitive R01 application.
- Integrated Process for Functional Site Feature Analysis
Awarded: $167,800 for the period 8/1/07 to 7/31/08
Source: NSF
Sequence and structural genomics projects have identified and predicted
molecular functions in proteins, yet researchers still cannot determine
the biological mechanisms of, for example, catalysis or substrate
specificity or inhibitor binding, without detailed biochemical and
biophysical analysis of each protein. This project uses sequence, structure, bioinformatics, and biophysical
experiments to characterize the molecular function sites of 6 protein superfamilies,
leading to hypotheses
that can be experimentally tested.
- with Jason Grayson, Microbiology & Immunology, WFUHS
Computational Modeling of Reactive Oxygen Intermediate Signaling
in CD8+ T Cells
Awarded $15,000 for the period 5/6/05 to 5/15/06
Source: WFU Cross-Campus Collaborative Research Fund
CD8+ T cells are critical for clearing viruses, tumors, and certain
bacteria. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that control
these cells ’ proliferation and death is critical for optimizing
HIV and cancer vaccines and developing treatments for autoimmunity. The team hypothesizes: (1) cellular proliferation pathways are
very sensitive to ROI levels, but activating death pathways requires
a higher and chronic level of stimulation; and (2) different levels
of ROI induce different redox responses that can be identified
as part of a biological network. These hypotheses will be tested
by (1) identifying cellular proteins oxidized at cysteine residues
by high- throughput proteomics following T cell activation in
vitro; and (2) developing framework models of the proteins involved
in redox signaling networks in antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and
compaing their topologies for different incubation conditions
and different segments of the culture cycle.
- with S. Bruce King, Chemistry
Profiling of Redox-Sensitive Signaling Proteins
Awarded $18,478.36 for the period 5/1/06 to 4/30/07
Source: NIH
Tthis ambitious project will devise large-scale methods to identify
proteins that respond to cellular redox changes. Integrating analytical protein chemistry, cell biology, and bioinformatics, it will test the hypothesis that redox signaling affects the initiation
of cell proliferation and transformation. Successful development
of this technology will lead to future broad-scale research with
implications for cancer prevention and treatment.
Errin Fulp
- with Ken Berenhaut, MATHEMATICS
Modeling Mobile Agent Populations and Movement for CEDS
Awarded $196,473 for the period 12/13/10 to 10/31/13
Source: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)/Battelle Memorial Institute
Mathematical models will be used to clarify the basic performance trade-offs associated with agent populations, pheromone strength, and nonregular geographies. As more advanced features are added to the system, simulation will be used to find appropriate settings. Modeling will also be used to characterize and assure the operational security of the Digital Ants system.
- An Evolution-Inspired Approach for Moving Target Defenses
Awarded $197,420 for the period 10/1/12 to 9/30/14
Source: NSF
This project aims to develop a prototype Moving Target (MT) defense system, where computer configurations automatically evolve for improved security and diversity. Operating systems and/or applications are modeled as chromosomes, with their settings as individual traits, using genetic algorithms (GA). The proposed environment has three advantages over current MT techniques. First, many MT techniques seek only to hide poorly configured computers, while the proposed system constantly searches for and employs more secure configurations by discovering, emphasizing, and recombining previously known good configurations. Second, GAs rely on mutations to avoid local minima or maxima; here, mutations can encourage diverse configurations across computers and successive configuration implementations. Finally, this approach can be applied to a variety of configurations.
- Leap Ahead
Awarded: $54,000 for the period 5/23/11 to 3/8/12
Source: PNNL
Wake Forest University faculty, staff, and students will collaborate with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to create a biologically inspired system that allows cooperative adaptation of successful configuration postures across computers while maintaining a desired level of diversity. These postures may be informed by a collaborative analysis system called Vulcan that provides new information on threats and remediation methods. Specifically, WFU will define methods for Digital Ants to extract information from the Vulcan database and transform it to construct new policies and new types of sensors.
- Beyond Snort: Extending malicious activity detection with SVMs
Awarded $33,662 for the period 3/1/11 to 8/31/11
Source: Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Lab
Computer networks are protected by several security measures. For example, an intrusion detection system (IDS) detects malicious behavior internally and externally, and its de facto standard is Snort, which monitors and analyzes network traffic against a user-or community-defined set of signatures, often content-based, that look for malicious behavior. While users can update this signature set, for real-time cybersecurity, it is essentially static. Adversaries try to evade detection by morphing the content and related attack parameters.
Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are supervised learning techniques that show excellent performance in classification tasks. In this study, they are used to classify malicious vs. harmless behavior as defined by a set of Snort signatures. Robust additional features of network sessions found in flow summary data, including control packet sequences, will be used to investigate whether they can re-identify malicious activity that has been modified in an attempt to thwart signature-based detection. System performance will be measured on data sets obtained from Enterprise-level network traffic, using such standard machine learning metrics as accuracy, false positives, and false negatives.
- DigitalAnts in Heterogeneous Enclaves
Awarded: $10,000 for the period 2/2/11 to 3/31/11
Source: Battelle Memorial Institute
Wake Forest University faculty, staff, and students will collaborate with Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest Division, and University of California, Davis, to develop a security architecture for GENI. Specifically, WFU will design means to accommodate the wide variety of machine and operating system configurations and configuration changes expected in GENI. To accommodate emerging knowledge of zero-day exploits, a mechanism must be in place for the human supervisor to guide DigitalAnts operations via policy updates.
- Modeling Mobile Agent Populations and Movement for GENI
Awarded $9,487 for the period 10/1/10 to 12/11/10
Source: Battelle Memorial Institute
Wake Forest University will collaborate with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to migrate TDMAA code to an EMULAB framework and provide a plan for implementing it; provide a written report on the role of digital ants in the EMULAB-derived deployment; update and deliver the TDMAA code-base to PNNL; develop an EMULAB testbed using WFU’s DEAC-cluster; and implement a small JADE testbed for code development. A WFU graduate student will provide the work to PNNL.
- Securing the next generation of information infrastructure
Awarded $22,189 for the period 8/27/09 to 9/30/09
Source: DoE/Battelle Memorial Institute
Dr. Fulp will work with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to develop next-generation computing technologies supporting secure command/control and information infrastructures and predictive defense and adaptive systems.
- Integrated Parallel Firewall and IDS for High-Speed Networks
Awarded $40,292 for the period 8/1/08 to 8/7/09
Source: DoE; Greatwall Systems, Inc.
This project aims to develop a new, scalable network firewall and Intrusion Protection System (IPS) that can manage increasing traffic loads, higher network speeds, and strict Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. Firewalls remain the frontline defense for securing networks vital to private industry, government agencies, and the military. However, they can easily become bottlenecks; packets must be inspected and compared against complex rule sets, tables, and signatures. As a result, the firewall and, more important, the network it protects are susceptible to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, which attempt to saturate the firewall with legitimate traffic. This project addresses these crucial security problems using firewall policy optimization and parallelization to provide an affordable, scalable, high-speed firewall and IPS.
- Securing the Next Generation of Information Infrastructure
Awarded $35,250 for the period 1/15/08 to 7/30/08
Source: Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest Division
Dr. Fulp will work with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in research and development of next-generation secure computing technologies supporting secure command/ control infrastructures and information infrastructures, drawing on his expertise in next-generation, high-speed, and quality of service (QoS)-enabled networks and activities based on network pricing and auction research, QoS research, resource-allocation research, and peer-to-peer trust systems, focusing on the security requirements of information and command/control infrastructures and in support of both predictive defense and adaptive systems.
- Firewall Architectures for High-Speed Networks
Awarded $51,334 for the period 9/15/05 to 9/14/06
Source: DOE
As network technology advances and becomes more ubiquitous, firewalls
must perform important security inspections under increasing traffic
loads, faster network connections, and strict quality of service
(QoS) requirements that render them susceptible to ottlenecks and
denial of service (DoS) attacks. This project investigates a new
architecture called hierarchical firewalls in which traffic is quickly
distributed among machines based on perceived threat. Traffic considered
safe is promptly forwarded into the secure network, while what remains
is forwarded to different machines in the hierarchy for further
scrutiny. Hence, traffic is segregated and queued based on security
threat, yielding minimal delays for legitimate traffic, and the
system is robust and highly available, since it uses multiple machines.
Preliminary results indicate that it is 6 times faster than any
other current firewall system and applicable to a wide variety of
agencies in the public and private sectors.
David J. John, with Jacquelyn Fetrow, Computer Science and Physics, and Edward E.
Allen, Mathematics
Algebraic and Statistical Models of Redox Signaling
Awarded $123,379 for the period 4/1/08 to 3/31/09
Source: NIH An interdisciplinary research group spanning the Reynolda and Health Sciences campuses aims to develop theory, algorithms, computational tools, and research methodologies for network modeling of redox-regulated events in human cells. Recent research indicates that redox-regulated networks are central to cellular communication under a variety of normal and diseased conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging. This project will (1) identify a comprehensive set of cellular proteins modified at cysteine residues as a result of redox-dependent signaling; (2) correlate the concentration of a given cellular perturbant and its associated redox signal; 3) associate networks with particular perturbants; and 4) produce both topological and dynamic models of the cellular network associated with these pathways. These models will then be compared to other data on protein/protein interactions and kinase cascades to produce a more comprehensive model of cellular regulation and its biological outcomes.
Victor Pau'l Pauca
- with Robert Plemmons, MATHEMATICS/COMPUTER
SCIENCE, and Todd Torgersen, COMPUTER SCIENCE
Implicit Geometry and Linear and Nonlinear Tensor-Based Compression and Restructuring of High-Dimensional Multimodality Data Sets
Awarded $43,340 for the period 9/21/12 to 12/30/12
Source: US Department of Defense (DOD)/Boeing Company
The project aims to develop a novel framework based on implicit geometry (IG) and linear and nonlinear tensor decomposition for effective compression and restructuring of multiple-source imagery. This form of compressed representation enables object characterization, target identification, and temporal tracking directly in the compressed domain. IG technology developed at Boeing is extremely effective for flexible 3D data representation with minimal loss of fidelity. Here, IG is used to enable fast compression of LIDAR data, while facilitating object classification and identification.
- Implicit Geometry and Linear and Nonlinear Tensor-Based Compression and Restructuring of High-Dimensional Multimodality Data Sets
Awarded $85,000 for the period 11/5/11 to 8/24/12
Source: US Department of Defense (DOD)/Boeing Company
The project aims to develop a novel framework based on implicit geometry (IG) and linear and nonlinear tensor decomposition for effective compression and restructuring of multiple-source imagery. This approach provides a form of compressed representation that enables subsequent object characterization, target identification, and temporal tracking directly in the compressed domain. IG technology developed at Boeing is extremely effective for flexible 3D data representation with minimal loss of fidelity. Here, IG is used to enable fast compression of LIDAR data, while facilitating object classification and identification.
- Analysis of Ultrasound Signal Reconstruction
Awarded $4,230 for the period 10/6/11 to 11/30/11
Source: Boeing Company
WFU will investigate methods for ultrasonic signal deconvolution, including evaluation and/or improvement of Beoing’s compressive sensing algorithm.
- Challenging Ocular Image Recognition (COIR)
Awarded $79,477 for the period 4/4/11 to 7/31/11
Source: Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA)/Carnegie Mellon University
The Wake Forest University team will work alone and in collaboration with teams from West Virginia University, Carnegie Mellon University, and Catholic University of America to achieve (1) robust, multispectral ocular recognition algorithms; (2) fast iris and ocular classification algorithms as part of an effective multiscale recognition approach, drawing on Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT); (3) effective, efficient algorithms fusing ocular imagery acquired by thermal and visible-light color sensors and image-reconstruction and superresolution algorithms; (4) algorithms to improve recognition of video ocular image sequences; (5) robust segmentation and matching routines for ocular image recognition exploring use of a fast segmentation routine for processing nonideal irises; (6) information-theory methods for estimating the performance of ocular image recognition under other nonideal conditions; (7) software to enable fast, accurate simulation of ocular imaging under nonideal scenarios and first-order performance estimates of the recognition algorithms; (8) a test-bed system to facilitate collection of real face and ocular image data under the same or similar conditions as assumed in simulated image data; and (9) C++ software for each of the above tasks.
- A Practical, Enhanced-Resolution, Integrated Optical Digital Imaging Camera
Awarded $14,979 for the period 5/18/09 to 6/30/09
Source: Defense Microelectronics Activity; Catholic University of America
The PERIODIC program aims to significantly advance technology and transitions using computational array imaging. By integrating many optical imaging channels into a single platform with a computational back end, a single high-resolution, high-dynamic-range, extended depth-of-field, polarimetric, and multispectral image is digitally and selectively fused. Simulation work will analyze and develop a new PERIODIC camera, able to produce super-resolved, extended depth-of-field imagery.
- with Robert Plemmons
Combining Imaging and Nonimaging Observations for Improved Space Object Identification
Awarded $29,992 for the period 4/1/08 to 11/30/08
Source: Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); University of New Mexico subcontract
Present-day imaging and nonimaging capabilities are often inadequate to determine the detailed properties of the ever-smaller satellites increasingly deployed at a variety of altitudes in space. This low-dimensional parametric approach jointly models the essential literal and nonliteral characteristics of space objects in terms of a relatively small set of physically motivated parameters. Digital postprocessing of the data aims to estimate the values of those parameters using polarimetric and spectral data to overcome the raw resolution limits of even the largest existing and foreseeable AF/DoD assets.
- Systematic Development of Quantum Computational Software
Awarded $45,000 for the period 2/1/07 to 1/31/08
Source: North Carolina Biotechnology Center (NCBC)/Targacept
Ab initio molecular dynamics (aiMD) is one of the most powerful
simulation tools for studying material and biological complex systems.
However, novel applications and greater need for
efficiency place a tremendous burden on existing aiMD software
packages, increasing their size and complexity and making them
harder to change and to maintain.
QUEST, a novel software system and programming paradigm, will
change the way highly complex aiMD algorithms are
implemented. With partner company Targacept,
Inc., the WFU team will demonstrate how QUEST can greatly reduce the cost of transitioning
aiMD technology to biotechnology research and provide a common
language to spark further improvements.
The work will have a profound
impact on drug discovery and molecular recognition and benefit
the
scientific community at large.
-
Enhanced Iris Recognition Systems for Personal Identification
Awarded $80,000 for the period 4/1/06 to 9/30/06
Source: DynCorp International, LLC
- Computational Methods for Quantum Molecular Dynamics
Awarded $16,000 for the period 10/1/06 to 11/30/07
Source: National Institutes of Standards and Technology (Targacept)
Over the last decades, molecular dynamics and powerful computer
technology have been combined to study the dynamic properties
of
molecules, solids, and liquids. The Car-Parrinello
method, a unifying approach for electronic structure calculations
based on density functional theory and classical molecular dynamics
simulations, enabled more accurate studies of molecular systems
without requiring an a priori choice about the nature of the system.
Since its appearance in 1985, the Car-Parrinello method remains
one of the most influential and widely used for first-principles
molecular dynamics. However, its computational requirements are
extensive. Even a very short (picosecond) simulation of a small
molecule of fewer than 30 atoms requires several weeks of processing.
This project aims to develop and to optimize high-performance
software for Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations
that can substantially
increase their length and size for life-science applications and
drug design. New approaches that will increase computational
and
memory efficiency will be explored for both single processor and
parallel implementations. In particular, top-down and performance
analyses of a base Fortran implementation will seek opportunities
for optimization through program transformations and parallelization.
Algorithmic transformations that can further reduce the overall
computational cost will be studied, focusing on an efficient,
modularized
implementation.
Robert J. Plemmons (see also MATHEMATICS)
- Comprehensive space-object characterization using spectrally compressive polarimetric imaging
Awarded $70,000 for the period 7/15/12 to 7/14/13
Source: AFOSR/University of New Mexico
In collaboration with the University of New Mexico and Duke University, advanced imaging methods are used to identify and track objects in space. Space surveillance allows US space system operators to determine the capabilities of potential adversaries, to warn of an attack on a US space system, and to predict potential collisions and re-entry impact points.
- Supplement to Novel Imaging Tools for Improved Space Objective Identification
Awarded $20,000 for the period 5/3/11 to 7/31/11
Source: AFOSR/University of New Mexico
- Novel Imaging Tools for Improved Space Objective Identification
Awarded $10,084 for the period 7/1/10 to 11/30/10
Source: AFOSR/University of New Mexico
With increased deployment of ever-smaller satellites at various altitudes, present-day imaging and nonimaging capabilities are often inadequate. Compressive sampling of spectral-spatial imaging data can rapidly identify space objects by cross-constraining object information and exploiting fundamental trade-offs implicit in such data. This system performance analysis will improve compressive sensor design and information transmission and formulate computationally efficient data postprocessing algorithms for identifying space objects. An experimental program will complement and validate the project’s theory, simulation, and processing.
- Combining Imaging and Nonimaging Observations for Improved Space Object Identification
Awarded $29,994 for the period 12/1/09 to11/30/10
Source: AFOSR/University of New Mexico
Current imaging and nonimaging capabilities are often inadequate to robustly and reliably determine the properties of ever-smaller satellites deployed at varying altitudes in space. This project’s low-dimensional parametric approach jointly models the essential literal and nonliteral characteristics of space objects in terms of a relatively small set of physically motivated parameters, whose values are estimated by digital postprocessing. Polarimetric and spectral data will be used to cross-constrain the radiometric information and to reconstruct space objects by exploring fundamental trade-offs, yielding data based on a priori constraints. This approach will overcome the resolution limits of even the largest existing and foreseeable AF/DoD assets.
-
Integrated Optical-Digital Imaging Camera System: Phase III: Computation Team Research and Development
Awarded $69,784 for the period 11/9/07 to 9/30/09
Source: Defense Microelectronics Activity; Catholic University of America
Prior notice needed for publicity.
- Integrated Optical-Digital Imaging Camera System
Awarded $52,975 for the period 1/22/07 to 10/15/07
Source: US Department of Defense / University of New Mexico
No publicity.
- Phase II: Practical Enhanced-Resolution Integrated Optical-Digital
Imaging Camera
Awarded $103,464 for the period 1/22/07 to 6/30/07
Source: University of New Mexico
- DTO Advanced Imaging Seedling Project, A Practical Enhanced-Resolution
Integrated Optical Imaging Camera (PERIODIC) System, Supplementary
Funds
Awarded $62,026 for the period 9/15/00 to 02/28/07
Source: Army Research Office (ARO)
This project aims to
analyze, optimize, simulate,
design, and fabricate a beta prototype, integrated, optical-digital,
low-profile, low-cost, array-based imaging system.
- Innovative Computational Methods for Inverse Problems in Optical
and SAR Imaging
Awarded $51,255 for the period 6/29/05 to 2/28/06
Source: ARO
High-resolution images are essential to many important applications in defense,
law enforcement, engineering, science, and medicine. The project will result
in a variety of new, robust, and efficient algorithms to extract meaningful
information from degraded images, packaged into reliable software for timely
transfer to research laboratories and industry.
Stan Thomas
- Sun SPOTS from the Start
Awarded $0 for the period 5/15/08 to 8/15/08
Source: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Sun SPOT technology will be used to motivate student interest in embedded and mobile computing in the very first programming course in the curriculum.
- with David John
A Consortium to Promote Computational Science and High-Performance
Computing
Awarded $11,250 for the period 7/1/05 to 6/30/06
Source: Appalachian State University
The consortium’s mission is “to provide undergraduate
students at comprehensive universities with an opportunity to study
computational sciences and high-performance computing at a level
comparable to students at Research I universities, to promote faculty
research involving undergraduates, and to promote grid computing
methodologies throughout North Carolina. The project will pool knowledge
resources and courses at the collaborating institutions to graduate
a large number of students trained in computational sciences, establish
a grid network to support research, and export the technology to
local IT companies through a summer workshop.” Wake Forest will procure, install, and
maintain a small computing cluster that will become a resource
for consortium use; participate in instructional activities
in the general area of high-performance computing across the NCREN
video network; and carry out applied student research projects
using high-performance computing.
Todd C. Torgersen
-
Utilizing Computational Imaging for Laser Intensity Reduction at CCD Focal Planes
Awarded $21,000 for the period 11/24/08 to 4/18/09
Source: ARO/Agiltron Corporation
Phase I will modify existing WFU computer simulation code to investigate candidate phase-encoding elements, including piece-wise linear, cubic, and pseudo-random phase masks, in the context of mitigating pulsed laser attack for a target camera system. Simulations will be based on classical Fourier optics. The simulation will be designed to match the specified camera parameters, including focal length, aperture, detector pixel pitch, and expected noise levels.
- Innovative Methods for High-Resolution
Imaging and Feature Extraction
Awarded $21,508 for the period 7/5/05 to 7/4/08
Source: ARO
Imaging technologies used in many military and commercial
applications rely on independently optimized imaging, processing,
and feature-extraction subsystems. Large volumes of diverse data
pertaining to an object or scene are collected and digitally
processed to extract high-order information, such as location,
class, and shape. The disjuncture of the subsystems limits
overall performance. This project aims to integrate system
designs for improved localized contrast image enhancement and
classification and clustering
of hyperspectral data. These two related tasks are central to
several applications of interest to the Army, such as target
recognition
and night vision systems.
- (see also Pauca and Plemmons)
William Turkett
- NeTS: Small: RUI: Motif-Driven Function and Association Discovery in Computer Networks to Support Management and Security of IT Infrastructures
Awarded $359,968 for the period of 7/1/10 to 6/30/13
Source: NSF
This project will develop methods to characterize the function of computer network entities solely from interaction patterns, improving both security and performance and moving toward autonomous network management. It combines ideas about integrating interactions from biological networks with traditional graph-based representations, social network analysis, and motif detection to classify multiport applications. These methods have 3 advantages over current techniques: they use evidence of communication and do not require low-level packet information; they discover the function of the host, not just the application in use; and they can determine function-oriented communities within a computer network, a key step in improving decision-making about resources and security. These advantages support a move toward description-oriented management policies, insulating administrators from low-level details, and improving the performance of policies.
- with Susan Sergeant, Biochemistry, WFUHS
Integration of Neutrophil Function
and Signaling Networks with Computational Modeling
Awarded $20,000 for the period 5/06 to 5/07
Source: WFU Cross-Campus Collaborative Research Support Fund
Human neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, locate and kill
invading microbes that can cause disease. When they interact
with microbes,
signal transduction events efficiently move information through
them, enabling them to respond appropriately. Although individual
neutrophil
signaling events have been studied, the organization of their cellular
signaling networks is poorly understood. Even less is understood
about how signaling networks regulate neutrophil functional responses.
The project’s systems biology approach integrates neutrophil
function and signaling networks with computational modeling methods.
It will 1) assess simultaneous signaling events and the neutrophil
response at the single-cell level by flow cytometric methods, 2)
develop a computational method to integrate functional and signaling
data, and 3) computationally model neutrophil signaling networks
in the context of the functional outcome, to begin to verify and
to predict neutrophil signaling pathways.
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